TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION 35
1.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 35
1.2 MARKET DEFINITION 35
1.3 OVERVIEW OF THE EUROPE SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL MARKET 35
1.4 CURRENCY AND PRICING 37
1.5 LIMITATIONS 37
1.6 MARKETS COVERED 37
2 MARKET SEGMENTATION 41
2.1 MARKETS COVERED 41
2.2 GEOGRAPHICAL SCOPE 42
2.3 YEARS CONSIDERED FOR THE STUDY 43
2.4 DBMR TRIPOD DATA VALIDATION MODEL 44
2.5 PRIMARY INTERVIEWS WITH KEY OPINION LEADERS 47
2.6 DBMR MARKET POSITION GRID 48
2.7 VENDOR SHARE ANALYSIS 50
2.8 MULTIVARIATE MODELING 51
2.9 FUEL TYPE TIMELINE CURVE 51
2.10 SECONDARY SOURCES 52
2.11 ASSUMPTIONS 52
3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 53
4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS 56
4.1 ANALYSIS OF FUTURE APPLICATIONS 58
4.2 ADVANCING SUSTAINABILITY WITHIN AVIATION 58
4.3 ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED IN SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL PROGRAMS 58
4.4 RESEARCH & INNOVATION ROADMAP FOR AVIATION HYDROGEN TECHNOLOGY 59
4.5 RECENT SUPPLY CONTRACTS BY SHELL 59
4.6 STANDARDS 60
4.6.1 OVERVIEW 60
4.6.2 INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION (ICAO) 60
4.6.3 INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION (IATA) 60
4.6.4 BUREAU OF CIVIL AVIATION SECURITY 60
4.6.5 FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION 60
4.6.6 EUROPEAN UNION AVIATION SAFETY AGENCY (EASA) 60
4.6.7 CIVIL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OF CHINA (CAAC) 60
4.6.8 UAE GENERAL CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY (GCAA) 60
4.7 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 61
4.7.1 OVERVIEW OF VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL MARKET 61
4.8 TECHNOLOGY TRENDS 62
4.8.1 OVERVIEW 62
4.8.2 HYDROTHERMAL LIQUEFACTION (HTL) 62
4.8.3 PYROLYSIS PATHWAYS OR PYROLYSIS-TO-JET (PTJ) 62
4.8.4 TECHNOLOGICAL MATURITY - FUEL READINESS LEVEL AND FEEDSTOCK READINESS LEVEL 63
4.9 IMPACT OF MEGATREND 63
4.10 INNOVATION AND PATENT ANALYSIS 63
5 MARKET OVERVIEW 65
5.1 DRIVERS 67
5.1.1 INCREASING NEED FOR REDUCTION IN GHG EMISSIONS IN THE AVIATION INDUSTRY 67
5.1.2 INCREASE IN AIR TRANSPORTATION CONSUMPTION OF SYNTHETIC LUBRICANTS 67
5.1.3 INCREASE IN DEMAND FOR SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL BY AIRLINES 68
5.1.4 INCREASE IN INVESTMENTS FOR THE GROWTH OF COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFTS 69
5.2 RESTRAINTS 70
5.2.1 INADEQUATE AVAILABILITY OF FEEDSTOCK AND REFINERIES TO MEET SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL PRODUCTION DEMAND 70
5.2.2 FLUCTUATIONS IN CRUDE OIL PRICES AND CONTAMINATION OF LUBRICANTS 70
5.3 OPPORTUNITIES 71
5.3.1 REDUCTION IN CARBON FOOTPRINT DUE TO LOW CAPABILITY OF SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL 71
5.3.2 DEVELOPMENT OF ECO-FRIENDLY AND SAFE AVIATION LUBRICANTS 71
5.3.3 RISE IN DEMAND FOR LOW-DENSITY LUBRICANTS FOR REDUCED WEIGHT 72
5.3.4 RISE IN SAFETY REGULATIONS FOR AIRCRAFTS 72
5.4 CHALLENGE 73
5.4.1 THE HIGH COST OF SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL INCREASES THE OPERATING COST OF AIRLINES 73
6 EUROPE SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL MARKET, BY FUEL TYPE 74
6.1 OVERVIEW 75
6.2 BIOFUEL 76
6.3 HYDROGEN FUEL 76
6.4 POWER TO LIQUID FUEL 77

7 EUROPE SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL MARKET, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY 78
7.1 OVERVIEW 79
7.2 HYDROPROCESSED FATTY ACID EASTERS AND FATTY ACIDS - SYNTHETIC PARAFFINIC KEROSENE (HEFA-SPK) 80
7.3 FISCHER TROPSCH SYNTHETIC PARAFFINIC KEROSENE (FT-SPK) 81
7.4 SYNTHETIC ISO-PARAFFIN FROM FERMENTED HYDROPROCESSED SUGAR (HFS-SIP) 81
7.5 FISCHER TROPSCH (FT) SYNTHETIC PARAFFINIC KEROSENE WITH AROMATICS (FT-SPK/A) 82
7.6 ALCOHOL TO JET SPK (ATJ-SPK) 83
7.7 CATALYTIC HYDROTHERMOLYSIS JET (CHJ) 83
8 EUROPE SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL MARKET, BY BLENDING CAPACITY 85
8.1 OVERVIEW 86
8.2 BELOW 30% 87
8.3 30% TO 50% 87
8.4 ABOVE 50% 88
9 EUROPE SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL MARKET, BY BLENDING PLATFORM 89
9.1 OVERVIEW 90
9.2 COMMERCIAL AVIATION 91
9.2.1 BY TYPE 92
9.2.1.1 NARROW BODY AIRCRAFT 92
9.2.1.2 WIDE-BODY AIRCRAFT (WBA) 92
9.2.1.3 VERY LARGE AIRCRAFT (VLA) 92
9.2.1.4 REGIONAL TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT (RTA) 92
9.2.2 BY FUEL TYPE 93
9.2.2.1 BIOFUEL 93
9.2.2.2 HYDROGEN 93
9.2.2.3 POWER TO LIQUID FUEL 93
9.3 BUSINESS & GENERAL AVIATION 93
9.3.1 BIOFUEL 94
9.3.2 HYDROGEN 94
9.3.3 POWER TO LIQUID FUEL 94
9.4 MILITARY AVIATION 94
9.4.1 BIOFUEL 95
9.4.2 HYDROGEN 95
9.4.3 POWER TO LIQUID FUEL 95

9.5 UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE 95
9.5.1 BIOFUEL 96
9.5.2 HYDROGEN 96
9.5.3 POWER TO LIQUID FUEL 96
10 EUROPE SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL MARKET, BY REGION 97
10.1 EUROPE 98
10.1.1 U.K. 105
10.1.2 GERMANY 108
10.1.3 FRANCE 111
10.1.4 SPAIN 114
10.1.5 ITALY 117
10.1.6 RUSSIA 120
10.1.7 NETHERLANDS 123
10.1.8 SWITZERLAND 126
10.1.9 TURKEY 129
10.1.10 BELGIUM 132
10.1.11 REST OF EUROPE 135
11 EUROPE SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL MARKET: COMPANY LANDSCAPE 136
11.1 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS: EUROPE 136
12 SWOT ANALYSIS 137
13 COMPANY PROFILES 138
13.1 NESTE 138
13.1.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 138
13.1.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 138
13.1.3 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS 139
13.1.4 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 139
13.1.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 139
13.2 BP P.L.C. 140
13.2.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 140
13.2.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 141
13.2.3 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS 141
13.2.4 SERVICE PORTFOLIO 142
13.2.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 142
13.3 PREEM AB. 143
13.3.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 143
13.3.2 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS 143
13.3.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 144
13.3.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 144
13.4 CEPSA 145
13.4.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 145
13.4.2 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS 145
13.4.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 146
13.4.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 146
13.5 CHEVRON CORPORATION 147
13.5.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 147
13.5.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 147
13.5.3 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS 148
13.5.4 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 148
13.5.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 148
13.6 AVFUEL CORPORATION 149
13.6.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 149
13.6.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 149
13.6.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 149
13.7 ENI 150
13.7.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 150
13.7.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 150
13.7.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 151
13.7.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 151
13.8 EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION 152
13.8.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 152
13.8.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 152
13.8.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 153
13.8.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 153
13.9 FULCRUM BIOENERGY 154
13.9.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 154
13.9.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 154
13.9.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 154
13.10 GEVO 155
13.10.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 155
13.10.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 155
13.10.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 156
13.10.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 156
13.11 HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC. 157
13.11.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 157
13.11.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 157
13.11.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 158
13.11.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 158

13.12 HYPOINT INC. 159
13.12.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 159
13.12.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 159
13.12.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 159
13.13 JOHNSON MATTHEY 160
13.13.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 160
13.13.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 160
13.13.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 161
13.13.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 161
13.14 LANZATECH 162
13.14.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 162
13.14.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 162
13.14.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 162
13.15 PROMETHEUS FUELS 163
13.15.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 163
13.15.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 163
13.15.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 163
13.16 SKYNRG 164
13.16.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 164
13.16.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 164
13.16.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 164
13.17 SASOL 166
13.17.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 166
13.17.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 166
13.17.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 167
13.17.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 167
13.18 TOTALENERGIES 168
13.18.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 168
13.18.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 168
13.18.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 169
13.18.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 169
13.19 VELOCYS 170
13.19.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 170
13.19.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 170
13.19.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 171
13.19.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 171
13.20 VIRENT, INC. 172
13.20.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 172
13.20.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 172
13.20.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 172
13.21 WORLD ENERGY 173
13.21.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 173
13.21.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 173
13.21.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 173
13.22 ZEROAVIA, INC. 174
13.22.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 174
13.22.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 174
13.22.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 174
14 QUESTIONNAIRE 175
15 RELATED REPORTS 179

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